Sinking the Beast: The RAF 1944 Lancaster Raids Against Tirpitz

Author(s): Jan Forsgren 

ISBN: 9781781553183
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Churchill dubbed her ‘The Beast’. From 1940 to 1944, the RAF sent 700 bombers to sink her: all failed. However, in late 1944, Lancasters sealed her fate with Barnes Wallis’ 12,000 lb ‘Tallboy’ bombs.
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During the autumn of 1944, three RAF raids – using Avro Lancaster heavy bombers – finally sank the German battleship Tirpitz. Many previous attempts, including the use of midget submarines and raids by carrier-based aircraft, had damaged Tirpitz at her Norwegian hideout. Throughout the war, Tirpitz had become a much feared asset of the Third Reich war machine, almost gaining mythical status.

In mid-1944, No. 5 Group of RAF Bomber Command was assigned the job of finally sinking Tirpitz. The first raid, codenamed Operation Paravane, saw Tirpitz damaged by Russian-based Lancasters where the great ship was heavily damaged. Subsequently, the battleship was transferred further southwest to Tromsö for repairs, which meant that it came within the range of UK-based bombers.

The last raid proved successful. Each Lancaster carried a 12,000 lbs ‘Tallboy’ bomb packed with high explosive. The Tallboy, engineered by Barnes Wallis who was responsible for the Dambusters’ bouncing bomb, proved highly effective. Despite heavy flak and tracer fire, the Tirpitz was rocked by violent explosions of an apocalyptic magnitude: windows were broken and houses were rocked off their foundations some three miles away. A stray Tallboy hit the island and silenced all AAA batteries. The job was done: near misses and a direct hit pulverised the mighty battleship. The Tirpitz capsized and sank, taking her doomed crew with her.


BOOK ISBN 9781781553183
FORMAT 234 x 156 mm
BINDING Hardback
PAGES 160 pages
PUBLICATION DATE 15 July 2014
TERRITORY World
ILLUSTRATIONS 50 black-and-white photographs

 

 





Jan Forsgren has an M.A. in History, specialising in Sweden’s relationship with Cambodia from 1975-1989. Other academic merits include International Law and Archival Science. He enjoys travelling and occasionally tries to combine his interest in history in finding possible articles and book projects. He is attempting to establish himself as a freelance writer, mainly within aviation history and southeast Asia.

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